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Ornate monitor
''Varanus ornatus'' is an obsolete name of monitor lizards native to West and Middle Africa.〔〔(Varanus ornatus )〕 Comprehensive molecular analyses of the group have demonstrated that animals previously assigned to "''Varanus ornatus''" do not constitute a valid taxon and are actually polymorphisms of two different species; ''Varanus stellatus'' and ''Varanus niloticus''.〔Dowell, S.A, D.M. Portik, V. de Buffrenil, I. Ineich, E. Greenbaum, S.O. Kolokotronis and E.R. Hekkala. (2015). Molecular data from contemporary and historical collections reveal a complex story of cryptic diversification in the ''Varanus (Polydaedalus) niloticus'' Species Group. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.'' doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.004〕 Consequently ''Varanus ornatus'' is considered a synonym of ''Varanus niloticus'' and "ornate monitor" is a casual term that refers to forest forms of either species (''V. niloticus'' or ''V. stellatus'').
Until 1997, the ornate monitor was considered a subspecies of the Nile monitor.〔Mertens. ''Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges.'' Frankfurt am Main, 465:177; 466:327.〕 It was subsequently described as a separate species on the basis of reduced number of ocelli rows on the body, a light coloured tongue and a more massive build.〔Böhme, W., & Ziegler, T. (1997). A taxonomic review of the ''Varanus (Polydaedalus) niloticus'' (Linnaeus, 1766) species complex. ''The Herpetological Journal'' 7: 155-162.〕 More recent work based on a large sample size using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences indicates that ''Varanus ornatus'' is not a valid species and that animals with the diagnostic appearance belong either of two sister species of Nile monitor.〔 Animals described as ornate monitor lizards are native to closed canopy forests in West and Middle Africa.〔
==Description==
The back is dark – olive green to black – with cross bands of yellow or cream color ocelli plus additional bands on the tail. The ventral side is yellowish with gray banding. The number of ocelli bands on the body, four, or five, was supposed to distinguish ''V. ornatus'' from ''V. niloticus'', which has from six to nine. The markings fade somewhat as the animal matures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Ornate Nile monitor )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nile monitor, Water leguaan )〕 Ornate monitors are quite large and can grow up to two metres in length.
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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